Nuclear Power in Iran Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nuclear Power in Iran - Research Paper Example The paper also emphasizes on the operations of the power programs and the research centers that were developed in Iran. Iran, which is considered to be the country that has highest nuclear power established many nuclear power plants to use the power in an effective way. The power plants are the major source of income to the country. The European countries helped Iran to establish power plants and to use them in an efficient way. This article concentrates mainly on the nuclear power and the power plants in Iran. Iran has used the nuclear power to yield more profit to its country. (Benliot, 2001).Though most of the other countries were against the policy of using the nuclear power and establishing power plants, some of the developed countries have lent a helping hand to Iran. This was the greatest advantage and Iran used these opportunities to make use of the nuclear power. The nuclear weapons program was also developed during the 1950's and it became one of the serious issues of that time. Iran started to export oil and gas with the help of the nuclear power. This was achieved by Shah and the target was decided as 23,000 Megawatts. Since then the export of oil and gas became an important part of the country's economy. The Islamic revolution contributed to The Iranian revolution began in the year 1979.The nuclear power program was successful till 1979 and the Iranian revolution created many problems. ... The Iranian government struggled to maintain the stable situation of the government. The nuclear power program which worked effectively till then fell as a victim to the Iranian revolution. The export operation of oil and gas was temporarily suspended and the payment for the nuclear power was also stopped. (Erlich, 2003).The Iranian revolution then led to various other problems that contributed to the issues that arose in the beginning of 1980's. Though the revolution led to problems, it also had certain positive effects. The United States declared the nuclear power since it was in the preliminary stage and this was one of the reasons to the suspension of the export of nuclear weapons. Since this was against the norms of the government it created problems. The import, export or manufacture of nuclear weapons was completely against a country's rules and regulations. During this problem many people from U.S.A were kept as hostages in Iran. This led to a situation where U.S opposed the Iran's idea of nuclear plants and programs increased. The Iranian revolution was not favorable and most of the countries decided to stop their contracts and dealings with Iran. Though most of the countries did not deal directly with the nuclear operations, they decided to end their proposals and communications with Iran. The main aim of this revolution was to improve the existing situation of Iran. But the result was not as expected by the government and the neighboring countries. This article gave more importance to the problems that Iran faced after the implementation of nuclear program. The logic of the article lied in the explanation of the nuclear power and its impact on the other countries. The author emphasizes on the importance of the nuclear power

Solve for the value of pi Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Solve for the value of pi - Research Paper Example However, it can be agreed that pi is based on the circle, which has many interesting properties (Gap-System). The circle, regardless of the size, always has the same perfect properties; therefore, the value of pi is constant. The history of pi can not be conclusively decided, since it is untraceable where the circle was decided as the basis. However, biblical references to pi and the discovery of a variation of the constant in ancient texts seem to indicate that the number is old. The vale of pi has been around for a long time; the bible contains two references to pi, though the values given are incorrect, ancient Egyptians and Babylonians had a value for the value of pi, and old-time mathematicians proved the existence of pi. The value of pi is a fixed value, and is determined to be infinite. The determination of the formula, which gives pi, is important in determining the origin of the value, therefore, this paper will seek to determine the formulas for the determination of pi, fro m Archimedes to Machin. The first mathematical and theoretical proof of pi was given by Archimedes, a brilliant mathematician in old times. Archimedes showed that pi is a value between two numbers; 223/71 and 22/7. This can be mathematically denoted as: This derivation used by Archimedes is based on the equation of the area of a circle,, which he derived by using a simple system of equations. In the derivation of pi, Archimedes used a system where regular polygons were inscribed and circumscribed on a circle, from which the diameter and circumference of the circle can be determined by determining the properties of the polygons. The diagram that was used by Archimedes is: 1 In this calculation, consider a circle with a radius OA of 1 unit, over which is circumscribed a regular hexagon (or any regular polygon of 3*2n-1 sides), and in which is inscribed another regular hexagon (or any regular polygon of 3*2n-1 sides). In this case, we assume that the semi perimeter for the inscribed polygon is bn, and that the semi perimeter for the super scribed polygon is an. The diagram given implies that the semi perimeter for the bigger polygon is ever decreasing, while the sequence for the smaller polygon is increasing, such that they converge at a value pi. Using trigonometric notation, it can be inferred that the semi perimeters of the polygons are given by the formula, , and, where K is the number of sides of the polygon. It also follows that; , and . Archimedes then used the same trigonometric principles to show that: , and. From these formulas, Archimedes could calculate the values of a and b from n=1, 2†¦ 6. After this calculation, Archimedes concluded that as the semi perimeters of the two polygons changed, the convergence was towards the limit pi, where. The deduction by Archimedes follows a simple principle of trigonometry and mathematical application, where it is known that the inner sides of the hexagon used in the calculation are all equal t o the radius of the circle, which means that the perimeter of the hexagon is 6 times the radius of the circle. Another complicated calculation used by Archimedes is that a line drawn from the middle of a side of the outer polygon is